SAME-SEX PENGUIN COUPLE BECOMES PARENTS.

Two male penguins who paired up as a 'same-sex couple' have successfully incubated a baby chick and are 'doting' on their tiny off-spring, an Australian aquarium announced on 26th October, 2018 (Friday). Gentoo penguins Sphen and Magic are happily 'taking turns caring for their baby chick', born on 19th October, 2018 weighing 91 gms, said Tish Hannan of the Sea Life Sydney Aquarium. Sphen and Magic had caught the attention of aquarium workers when they were constantly seen waddling around and going for swims together. They then began to build a collective nest of pebbles, prompting the aquarium to provide a dummy egg for them to look after and, when they proved up to the task, a real egg.
The pair have bonded, Hannan, Sea Life's penguin department supervisor, said. "They recognise each other's signature calls and songs. Only bonded penguins will be able to successfully find their partner using their calls when they are separated. Unlike many mammal species, male and female penguins take on the same parenting roles, and share parental duties 50-50. There is no real difference when it comes to breeding behaviours between males and females". So it is common to have male-male or female-female showing courtship and breeding behaviour. In the wild, however, these courtships are unlikely to result in a chick, so they are normally short-lived, with the penguins becoming unsatisfied and looking for another partner. 
"Because we have given Sphen and Magic the opportunity to have a potentially successful breeding season, it is very likely that they will return to each other again next year (2019)", said Hannan. This is not the first time same-sex penguin couples have adopted eggs in captivity, with a handful of zoos worldwide reporting similar cases. In 2009, two male penguins - Z and Vielpunkt - successfully hatched and reared a chick that was rejected by its hetero-sexual parents at a zoo in Berlin. Before them came Roy and Silo, two male chinstrap penguins at a zoo in New York who were spotted frequently trying to mate with each other. After they tried to incubate a rock, zookeepers gave them a foster egg which they successfully hatched.
[Based on an article published in Deccan Chronicle dated 27th October, 2018 (Saturday)].  
--Challapalli Srinivas Chakravarthy--
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